CZASOWNIKI POSIŁKOWE/MODALNE
BE / CAN / MAY / WILL / SHOULD / OUGHT TO / MUST + czasownik zwykły
Dave is watching a film.
He can swim.
They may stay here.
We will visit you tomorrow.
I should do the washing.
You ought to stop working.
Ann must go home.
Pytania budujemy poprzez inwersję:
Is Dave watching a film?
Can he swim?
May They stay here?
Will we visit you tomorro?
Should I do the washing?
Ought you to stop working?
Must Ann go home?
Zdania przeczące budujemy poprzez dodanie NOT:
Dave is not watching a film.
He cannot swim. (cannot piszemy razem!)
They may not stay here.
We will not (won't) visit you tomorrow.
I should not do the washing.
You ought not to stop working.
Ann must not go home. !!! 'must not' znaczy NIE WOLNO (np. you mustn't smoke here - nie wolno ci tu palić), aby powiedzieć 'nie muszę' - używamy czasownika 'have to' (np. I don't have to do the shopping today - nie muszę dzisiaj robić zakupów)
Formy czasu przeszłego (Past Simple):
is - was/were (w innych czasach możliwe są formy: will be, have/has been, had been)
can - could
may - might
will - would
Formy gramatyczne określające czasowniki modalne, które można używać w różnych czasach:
can - be able to, np. I have been able to swim for 3 years. Next year I will be able to fly a plane.
may - be allowed to, np. Mark was allowed to smoke on the train. Are we allowed to take phohos here?
must - have to, np. She will have to discuss the problem with her boss. Sorry, I had to lie to my neighbour.
Should/ought to używane są w czasie przeszłym z formą 'have + past participle' - I should have phoned you yesterday, sorry I didn't do that.